Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices

Lawrence Aikins; Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12

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Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices

Lawrence Aikins, Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi

Published in Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 5 May 2020 Accepted: 9 June 2020 Published: 20 June 2020

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Abstract

Power system stability is a major challenge in the secured operation of today’s interconnected power systems. Voltage stability as a branch of power system stability, is a major problem facing power systems in Ghana. The power system is subjected to major blackouts or collapses due to voltage instability. It is manifested by several distinguishing features: low system voltage profiles, heavy reactive line flows, inadequate reactive support, and heavily loaded power systems. Voltage stability depends on the ability of a power system to maintain acceptable voltage for system buses under normal conditions, and system disturbances. This paper evaluates the steady-state voltage stability of the power system through modelling and simulation using the Power System Simulator for Engineering power system analysis software and the results validated with MATPOWER. Load flow simulations using the Newton Raphson method under steady-state base load condition with and without contingencies were done. Simulation results revealed under normal, and contingency cases show the power system has voltage profile, that violates the voltage stability constraint of between 0.95 pu and 1.05 pu for normal system voltage, high transmission system losses and heavy congestion. The Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices was used to improve the power system stability. Three types of FACTS devices: SVC, STATCOM, and TCSC are selected and optimally placed in the power system to improve voltage stability. Generic algorithm as artificial intelligence-based method was used in MATLAB environment to optimally size and locate five (5) FACTS devices; one (1) STATCOM and four (4) SVC in the power system. The algorithm was found to be reliable as it yielded good results by the improvement in voltage stability and decreasing the transmission line active and reactive power losses significantly.

Published in	Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12
Page(s)	47-63
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System, Genetic Algorithm, Voltage Stability

References

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[2]	Savulescu, S. C. (2009), “Real-Time Stability Assessment in Modern Power System Control Centers”, pp 413, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, ISBN 978-0470-23330-6.
[3]	Hou, K., Shao, G., Wang, H. (2018). Research on practical power system stability analysis algorithm based on modified SVM. Prot Control Mod Power Syst 3, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41601-018-0086-0.
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[5]	Abdelaziz, A. Y., Ibrahim, A. M. and Hasan, Z. G. (2013), “Transient stability analysis with equal-area criterion for out of step detection using phasor measurement units”, International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-17.
[6]	ONI, Oluwafemi Emmanuel; MBANGULA, Kamati I.; DAVIDSON, Innocent E. (2016). Dynamic Voltage Stability Studies using a Modified IEEE 30-Bus System. Transactions on Environment and Electrical Engineering, [S.l.], v. 1, n. 3, pp. 41-49, ISSN 2450-5730.
[7]	Hasani, M. and Parniani, M. (2005), “Method of Combined Static and Dynamic Analysis of Voltage Collapse in Voltage Stability Assessment,” IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition: Asia and Pacific, pp. 1-6.
[8]	Acha, E., Fuerte, C. R., Pe´rez, H. A. and Camacho, C. A. (2004), “FACTS Modelling and Simulation in Power Networks”, pp. 9-12, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, West Sussex.
[9]	Hingorani, N. G. and Gyugyi, L. (2000), “UNDERSTANDING FACTS: Concept and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems” Wiley- IEEE Press, 452pp.
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[11]	Uzochukwuamaka Okeke, T. and Zaher, R. G. (2013), “Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS)”, International Conference on New Concepts in Smart Cities: Fostering Public and Private Alliances (SmartMILE), pp. 1-4.
[12]	Ghahremani, E. and Kamwa, I. (2013), “Optimal placement of multiple-type FACTS devices to maximize power system loadability using a generic graphical user interface” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 764-778.
[13]	Ghahremani, E. and Kamwa, I. (2014), “Analysing the effects of different types of FACTS devices on the steady-state performance of the Hydro-Québec network”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 233-249.
[14]	Sirjani, R., Mohamed, A. and Shareef, H. (2013), “Comparative study of effectiveness of different VAR compensation devices in large-scale power networks”, Journal of Central South University, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 715-723.
[15]	Mahdad, B., Bouktir, T. and Srairi, K. (2007), “Methodology Based in Practical Fuzzy Rules Coordinated with Asymmetric Dynamic Compensation Applied to the Unbalanced Distribution Network”, International Review of Electrical Engineering (IREE), Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 145-153.
[16]	Galloway, S. J., Elders, I. M., Burt, G. M. and Sookananta, B. (2009), “Optimal flexible alternative current transmission system device allocation under system fluctuations due to demand and renewable generation,” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 725-735.
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[19]	Aghaei, J., Gitizadeh, M. and Kaji, M. (2012), “Placement and Operation Strategy of FACTS Devices using optimal continuous power flow”, Scientia Iranica Transactions D: Computer Science &Engineering and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 1683-1690.
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APA Style

Lawrence Aikins, Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi. (2020). Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 8(2), 47-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12

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ACS Style

Lawrence Aikins; Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi. Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2020, 8(2), 47-63. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12

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AMA Style

Lawrence Aikins, Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi. Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices. J Electr Electron Eng. 2020;8(2):47-63. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12,
  author = {Lawrence Aikins and Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi},
  title = {Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {47-63},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20200802.12},
  abstract = {Power system stability is a major challenge in the secured operation of today’s interconnected power systems. Voltage stability as a branch of power system stability, is a major problem facing power systems in Ghana. The power system is subjected to major blackouts or collapses due to voltage instability. It is manifested by several distinguishing features: low system voltage profiles, heavy reactive line flows, inadequate reactive support, and heavily loaded power systems. Voltage stability depends on the ability of a power system to maintain acceptable voltage for system buses under normal conditions, and system disturbances. This paper evaluates the steady-state voltage stability of the power system through modelling and simulation using the Power System Simulator for Engineering power system analysis software and the results validated with MATPOWER. Load flow simulations using the Newton Raphson method under steady-state base load condition with and without contingencies were done. Simulation results revealed under normal, and contingency cases show the power system has voltage profile, that violates the voltage stability constraint of between 0.95 pu and 1.05 pu for normal system voltage, high transmission system losses and heavy congestion. The Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices was used to improve the power system stability. Three types of FACTS devices: SVC, STATCOM, and TCSC are selected and optimally placed in the power system to improve voltage stability. Generic algorithm as artificial intelligence-based method was used in MATLAB environment to optimally size and locate five (5) FACTS devices; one (1) STATCOM and four (4) SVC in the power system. The algorithm was found to be reliable as it yielded good results by the improvement in voltage stability and decreasing the transmission line active and reactive power losses significantly.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices
AU  - Lawrence Aikins
AU  - Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi
Y1  - 2020/06/20
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 47
EP  - 63
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12
AB  - Power system stability is a major challenge in the secured operation of today’s interconnected power systems. Voltage stability as a branch of power system stability, is a major problem facing power systems in Ghana. The power system is subjected to major blackouts or collapses due to voltage instability. It is manifested by several distinguishing features: low system voltage profiles, heavy reactive line flows, inadequate reactive support, and heavily loaded power systems. Voltage stability depends on the ability of a power system to maintain acceptable voltage for system buses under normal conditions, and system disturbances. This paper evaluates the steady-state voltage stability of the power system through modelling and simulation using the Power System Simulator for Engineering power system analysis software and the results validated with MATPOWER. Load flow simulations using the Newton Raphson method under steady-state base load condition with and without contingencies were done. Simulation results revealed under normal, and contingency cases show the power system has voltage profile, that violates the voltage stability constraint of between 0.95 pu and 1.05 pu for normal system voltage, high transmission system losses and heavy congestion. The Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices was used to improve the power system stability. Three types of FACTS devices: SVC, STATCOM, and TCSC are selected and optimally placed in the power system to improve voltage stability. Generic algorithm as artificial intelligence-based method was used in MATLAB environment to optimally size and locate five (5) FACTS devices; one (1) STATCOM and four (4) SVC in the power system. The algorithm was found to be reliable as it yielded good results by the improvement in voltage stability and decreasing the transmission line active and reactive power losses significantly.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Lawrence Aikins

Engineering and Maintenance Department, Takoradi Thermal Power Plant 2, Takoradi, Ghana
Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi

Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa, Ghana

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APA Style

Lawrence Aikins, Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi. (2020). Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 8(2), 47-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12

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ACS Style

Lawrence Aikins; Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi. Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2020, 8(2), 47-63. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12

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AMA Style

Lawrence Aikins, Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi. Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices. J Electr Electron Eng. 2020;8(2):47-63. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12,
  author = {Lawrence Aikins and Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi},
  title = {Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {47-63},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20200802.12},
  abstract = {Power system stability is a major challenge in the secured operation of today’s interconnected power systems. Voltage stability as a branch of power system stability, is a major problem facing power systems in Ghana. The power system is subjected to major blackouts or collapses due to voltage instability. It is manifested by several distinguishing features: low system voltage profiles, heavy reactive line flows, inadequate reactive support, and heavily loaded power systems. Voltage stability depends on the ability of a power system to maintain acceptable voltage for system buses under normal conditions, and system disturbances. This paper evaluates the steady-state voltage stability of the power system through modelling and simulation using the Power System Simulator for Engineering power system analysis software and the results validated with MATPOWER. Load flow simulations using the Newton Raphson method under steady-state base load condition with and without contingencies were done. Simulation results revealed under normal, and contingency cases show the power system has voltage profile, that violates the voltage stability constraint of between 0.95 pu and 1.05 pu for normal system voltage, high transmission system losses and heavy congestion. The Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices was used to improve the power system stability. Three types of FACTS devices: SVC, STATCOM, and TCSC are selected and optimally placed in the power system to improve voltage stability. Generic algorithm as artificial intelligence-based method was used in MATLAB environment to optimally size and locate five (5) FACTS devices; one (1) STATCOM and four (4) SVC in the power system. The algorithm was found to be reliable as it yielded good results by the improvement in voltage stability and decreasing the transmission line active and reactive power losses significantly.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Power System Stability Improvement of Ghana’s Generation and Transmission System Using FACTS Devices
AU  - Lawrence Aikins
AU  - Christian Kwaku Amuzuvi
Y1  - 2020/06/20
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 47
EP  - 63
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20200802.12
AB  - Power system stability is a major challenge in the secured operation of today’s interconnected power systems. Voltage stability as a branch of power system stability, is a major problem facing power systems in Ghana. The power system is subjected to major blackouts or collapses due to voltage instability. It is manifested by several distinguishing features: low system voltage profiles, heavy reactive line flows, inadequate reactive support, and heavily loaded power systems. Voltage stability depends on the ability of a power system to maintain acceptable voltage for system buses under normal conditions, and system disturbances. This paper evaluates the steady-state voltage stability of the power system through modelling and simulation using the Power System Simulator for Engineering power system analysis software and the results validated with MATPOWER. Load flow simulations using the Newton Raphson method under steady-state base load condition with and without contingencies were done. Simulation results revealed under normal, and contingency cases show the power system has voltage profile, that violates the voltage stability constraint of between 0.95 pu and 1.05 pu for normal system voltage, high transmission system losses and heavy congestion. The Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices was used to improve the power system stability. Three types of FACTS devices: SVC, STATCOM, and TCSC are selected and optimally placed in the power system to improve voltage stability. Generic algorithm as artificial intelligence-based method was used in MATLAB environment to optimally size and locate five (5) FACTS devices; one (1) STATCOM and four (4) SVC in the power system. The algorithm was found to be reliable as it yielded good results by the improvement in voltage stability and decreasing the transmission line active and reactive power losses significantly.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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